Procedures
Endocrine Surgery
What is the thyroid gland?
The thyroid gland, a crucial hormone-secreting gland, resembles the shape of a butterfly and is found at the front of the neck. It plays a vital role in managing the body's metabolic rate and is responsible for performing critical bodily functions such as controlling the heart rate, maintaining body temperature, and converting food into energy.
The primary function of the thyroid gland is to control the metabolic rate (metabolism), which is a complex process that involves converting food consumed into energy. All bodily cells require energy to function, making this a critical process for which the thyroid gland is essentially responsible.
What is a thyroidectomy?
Thyroid surgery, or thyroidectomy, is a major operation that involves the removal of a portion of the thyroid or the entire gland. Understanding this procedure can help you feel more informed and prepared for your surgery.
What are the indications for the procedure?
A thyroidectomy is often advised due to thyroid nodules, toxic multinodular goitre, harmful adenomas, goitre accompanied by compression or due to thyroid cancer.
A thyroidectomy may also be performed due to hyperthyroidism when the thyroid gland produces the thyroid hormone in excess.
How do you perform a thyroidectomy?
A tiny incision is created over the skin of the neck in close proximity to a natural skin fold in order to reduce the appearance of scars. Dr Chiliza parts the fine layer of muscle to reach the thyroid and then prepares to remove the lobes of the thyroid along with surrounding lymph nodes that may be impacted from disease. He then repositions the muscles in their usual position and uses sutures or glue to close the incision.
What can I anticipate in terms of recovery?
After the surgery, most patients are able to return home the same day. However, in some cases, especially after a total thyroidectomy, you may be advised to stay overnight in the hospital for close monitoring of your calcium levels. The recovery process involves managing any discomfort, taking prescribed medications, and gradually resuming normal activities under the guidance of your healthcare team. When the thyroid gland is removed, the body still requires the functions of the gland, such as its ability to secrete the thyroid hormone. As a result, you’ll be prescribed thyroid hormone replacement therapy, which involves the intake of thyroid hormone in the form of a pill.
FAQ
After a thyroidectomy, why is it so important to monitor blood calcium levels?
Postoperative hypocalcemia is a common occurrence following a total thyroidectomy, which is the reason some patients may be asked to remain overnight in the hospital.
How do you prepare for the procedure?
Dr Chiliza orders laboratory and imaging tests such as:
- Blood tests
- Thyroid imaging through a CT and MRI scan and an ultrasound
Are there any long-term effects without a thyroid gland present?
The following may occur:
- Lethargy
- Weight gain